Assam tea, Darjeeling tea or Palampur-Kangra tea—we are well aware of these flavours. Ever heard of Meghalaya tea? You may soon if the efforts of the state government and daring-to-be-different farmers bear fruit…err… leaves.
Horticulture is being thought of as a viable alternative to the ecological menace of shifting cultivation (Jhum, or bun, in local parlance) that is the mainstay of agriculture in Meghalaya. Shifting cultivation is a primitive method where a patch of forestland is cleared, crops are grown with whatever little expertise exists and then a farmer moves on to clear another patch.
As an alternative, tea gardens will mean settled cultivation and more revenue could be generated through diversification.
Meghalaya has started experimenting with tea cultivation and tea gardens are coming up in the so-called non-traditional areas. At present the state has more than 500 small tea-growers. The numbers are likely to swell.
Rakesh Kumar, District Agriculture Officer, Jowai, says, “Tea plantation is picking up gradually in Meghalaya. It is because the state is gifted with lowlands as well as highlands. That translates into the fact that both Assam and Darjeeling varieties, famous for flavour and colour, respectively, are successful here. I can assure you that once the state takes the lead, the quality of tea produced in the state will be better than any other because of the right blend.”
This crop can provide attractive investment opportunities along with processing. Farmers taking to tea plantation are being given Rs 15,000 over four years as incentive by the state to shift from traditional crops and methods of cultivation (jhum and bun) towards more cash-crop-oriented and settled cultivation.
“As much as 508 hectares of agricultural land in Meghalaya has come under tea plantation. Small farmers are being given incentives and till date we have had 530 beneficiaries under the Rs 15,000 scheme. Under this scheme, besides monetary benefit, we provide tea seedlings and technical guidance to farmers. State government tea centres have been established in Nongstoin and Ronprom (Tura),” says P. Gogoi, Joint Director, Meghalaya Horticulture Department.
Besides the government-run establishments, two private factories have also come up at Nongpoh and Tura. One farmer from Sosrangkhram is exporting fine-quality tea to Australia.
However, critics and a few technical experts are taking these success stories with a pinch of salt. They say Assam employs more than 5,00,000 workers and has thousands of acres under tea cultivation. Meghalaya will not be able to compete with it even nationally, leave aside export-oriented units.
“This industry is passing through a severe recession. Tea gardens in established states like Assam are facing closure due to legislative issues, bonus concerns and labour problems. How can Meghalaya bear the brunt of such political issues where tea cultivation has not even taken roots?” asks K.M. Bujarbaruah, Director, North-East Region, ICAR.
Another senior government official, on the condition of anonymity, says that since tea cultivation involves ‘importing’ cheap labour from other states, the whole issue may get politicised. “That is why the Meghalaya Government is keeping a low profile in the whole affair,” he says.
Meghalaya has a good potential for tea cultivation although processing through large-scale plantation activities has not been taken up on an organised scale as yet, barring a few state-run and private units. In this state that is the ‘abode of clouds,’ the best one can hope for is that the whole issue doesn’t come under one.
link